I've tended to think that his skin absorbs radiation and never gets rid of it.
If that's the case, why is it Kryptonite radiation affects Superman, but he is immune to other types of radiation?
One of my favorite all time Superman covers is one where he holds a camera, flying and filming a nuclear explosion. This one always made me laugh because it really is something to wonder about: how DO they get those "mushroom cloud" stock footage from nuclear explosions?
The "Superman obtains radiation through his skin" explanation is interesting, though, as he obtains rays and uses them for superpowers. This may be why Kryptonite is dangerous: the specific kind of radiation may be dangerous to him.
If exposure to Kryptonite IS like radiation poisoning that only Superman is vulnerable to, the "effects" of Kryptonite poisoning would be identical to radiation poisoning. True, Superman has never lost his hair or nails as would be common to radioactive exposure, however, this can be explained in light of the fact that neither his hair nor nails grow under a yellow sun. Thus, as they don't grow, the radiation has nothing to interfere with.
The lack of spew could indicate that the artists are just being nice to us.
Maybe. Although it wasn't even hinted as happening "off-screen," the way Englehart indicated that Mantis was a prostitute without coming out and SAYING it, for instance.